In maritime context, what does the term "draft" refer to?

In the maritime context, "draft" specifically refers to the vertical distance from the waterline down to the lowest point of the ship's hull, which is known as the keel. This measurement is crucial for determining how deep a vessel sits in the water. A ship's draft influences its stability, seaworthiness, and operational capability, particularly regarding the navigable depth of waterways and harbors.

When a vessel is fully loaded, its draft increases, which can impact its ability to navigate safely in shallow areas. Therefore, knowing a ship's draft is essential for avoiding groundings and ensuring safe passage through channels and ports where water depth is a critical factor. Understanding draft helps in making navigational decisions, ensuring that a vessel operates within safe parameters without exceeding the depth of available water.