What are fenders used for on a vessel?

Fenders are essential components on a vessel primarily designed to protect the ship's hull from potential damage caused by impacts with docks, other vessels, or various structures. When a vessel is maneuvering in close proximity to these surfaces, fenders act as a cushion, absorbing the energy of the collision and thereby preventing scrapes, dents, or more serious structural damage to the hull. This protective barrier ensures not only the integrity of the ship but also helps maintain safety during docking and undocking operations.

The other options address different aspects of naval operations; for example, improving speed or enhancing buoyancy is not the primary function of fenders. Likewise, measuring water depth is performed by soundings or other instruments, not fenders. Thus, the focus of fenders remains on preventing physical harm to the vessel, making their role critical in maritime safety and maintenance.