What does "charting" refer to in maritime navigation?

Charting in maritime navigation specifically refers to the process of plotting a vessel's course using nautical charts. Nautical charts are essential tools that provide detailed information about coastal areas, depths of water, navigational hazards, and aids to navigation. By utilizing these charts, navigators can determine safe routes, avoid obstacles, and ensure that they stick to designated shipping lanes.

Understanding how to chart effectively is crucial for safe navigation, as it helps mariners make informed decisions during their voyages. This process involves not only marking a course but also taking into account various factors such as tide and current conditions, which can affect a vessel's path. Therefore, charting is a fundamental skill in seamanship that directly impacts the safety and efficiency of maritime operations.